Esta especie de menta es la menta por excelencia, pero no proviene de una estirpe pura sino de la hibridación de Mentha aquatica x Mentha viridis o spicata (que a su vez es un híbrido de M. Longifolia x M. Rotundifolia), originado en forma natural en Inglaterra alrededor del siglo XVII y que ha sido multiplicada en forma agámica por todo el mundo desde entonces.
Planta herbácea vivaz, cuya base es un rizoma del que salen numerosos tallos o estolones aéreos o subterráneos, de 50 a 90 cm de altura. Los estolones son de sección cuadrangular y crecen bajo y sobre la superficie del suelo en todas direcciones. Presenta un tallo cuadrangular, glabro, ramificado, de 40-80 cm y con manchas violetas. La hoja es entera, fragmentada o cortada, fina y frágil; la hoja entera mide de 3cm a 9cm de largo y de 1cm a 3cm de ancho y con frecuencia arrugada. El limbo es oval o lanceolado, el ápice acuminado, el margen marcadamente dentado y la base asimétrica. La nerviación es pinnada, prominente en la cara inferior, con nerviaciones laterales que forman con el nervio central un ángulo de 45º aproximadamente. La cara inferior es ligeramente pubescente y se observan con lupa (6 x) pelos secretores como puntos amarillentos brillantes que corresponden a bolsitas de esencia. El peciolo es surcado, de verde a violeta-parduzco, habitualmente de hasta 1 mm de diámetro y de 0,5 cm a 1 cm de largo. Las inflorescencias son oblongas, de 3,5-6 cm, generalmente interrumpida por abajo con falsas espigas terminales con pequeñas brácteas. Las flores con corola casi regular, rosa-violácea y, a veces blanca, que está terminada por 4 lóbulos donde el superior está acotado; los cuatro estambres están incluidos en la corola. Como se trata de un híbrido los granos son excepcionales y estériles. La reproducción se produce por vía vegetativa gracias a los estolones. Pertenece a la familia de las Lamiaceae (=Labiatae).
La hoja de menta piperita tiene un olor característico y penetrante y un sabor aromático característico. Recolección: junio-julio y septiembre.
La menta piperita no crece en estado silvestre, tolera los climas extremos pero su cultivo se ha adaptado a la tierra húmeda y sombreada, protegida del viento, en huertas. Cultivada principalmente para usos industriales, para servir a los almacenes de drogas, para las fábricas de licores y esencias. Por su característica de planta rastrera es ideal para colocar debajo de otras plantas en canteros o macetas. El suelo debe ser húmedo, rico en humus y cal (mezclar dos partes de tierra negra, una de arena y otra de humus de lombriz). Floración en verano.
Es de origen europeo y se cultiva por medio de brotes. En España, las comarcas más adecuadas para el cultivo de la menta son las pirenaicas y las de toda la orla septentrional, desde el País Vasco hasta Galicia, porque no es planta mediterránea.
También se la conoce como: menta, menta negra, menta piperita. Lo que conocemos como «hierba buena» es otra especie de menta, la M. sativa, también llamada «sándalo». Todas las mentas tienen, prácticamente, idénticas propiedades medicinales y pueden, por tanto, usarse de la misma manera.
Las hojas y, a veces, la sumidad aérea entera.
- Aceite esencial (1,5-4%):
- Resina.
- Otros: principio amargo, taninos, nitrato de calcio, sales minerales (sodio, potasio, calcio, manganeso, azufre, cloro).
Según la R.F.E. la droga, desecada y cortada, debe de contener como mínimo 9 ml/kg de aceite esencial, y si es entera un mínimo de 12 ml/kg.
En uso interno:
En uso externo:
En uso interno:
Según la FDA (Food Drugs Administration) y el Consejo General de Colegios Oficiales de Farmacéuticos recomiendan el uso de la menta durante el embarazo ya que se considera seguro y también durante la lactancia debido a que los componentes de la menta son excretados en cantidades poco significativas con la leche materna, por lo que se acepta su uso durante la lactancia. Sin embargo según el Ilustre colegio oficial de farmacéuticos de Valencia su uso está contraindicado en el embarazo y la lactancia.
En uso externo:
Niños menores de dos años, sobre todo, debido al contenido en mentol de su aceite esencial que puede causar:
Interacción con otros medicamentos:
La menta puede potenciar el efecto sedante producido por los barbitúricos, las benzodiazepinas, los antihistamínicos H1 y el alcohol.
No se han descrito reacciones adversas a las dosis terapéuticas recomendadas. A altas dosis, en tratamientos crónicos o en individuos especialmente sensibles se pueden producir reacciones adversas:
Estudios sobre su efecto a nivel digestivo:
* Thompson Coon J, Ernst E. Department of Complementary Medicine, School of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Exeter, UK. Systematic review: herbal medicinal products for non-ulcer dyspepsia. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2002 Oct;16(10):1689-99. PMID: 12269960 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Anderson LA, Gross JB. Department of Perioperative Nursing, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, 06030-2015, USA. Aromatherapy with peppermint, isopropyl alcohol, or placebo is equally effective in relieving postoperative nausea. J Perianesth Nurs. 2004 Feb;19(1):29-35. PMID: 14770380 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Madisch A, Holtmann G, Mayr G, Vinson B, Hotz J. Medical Department I, Technical University Hospital Dresden, Dresden, Germany. Treatment of functional dyspepsia with a herbal preparation. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial. Digestion. 2004;69(1):45-52. Epub 2004 Jan 30. PMID: 14755152 [PubMed-in process].
* Holtmann G, Haag S, Adam B, Funk P, Wieland V, Heydenreich CJ. University of Essen, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Essen, Germany. Effects of a fixed combination of peppermint oil and caraway oil on symptoms and quality of life in patients suffering from functional dyspepsia. Phytomedicine. 2003;10 Suppl 4:56-7. PMID: 12807344 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* May B, Kohler S, Schneider B. University Medical Clinic and Out-patient Clinic, Bochum, Germany. Efficacy and tolerability of a fixed combination of peppermint oil and caraway oil in patients suffering from functional dyspepsia. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2000 Dec;14(12):1671-7. PMID: 11121917 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Logan AC, Beaulne TM. Integrative Care Centre, 3600 Ellesmere Road, Unit 4, Toronto, ON M1C 4Y8, Canada. The treatment of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth with enteric-coated peppermint oil: a case report. Altern Med Rev. 2002 Oct;7(5):410-7. PMID: 12410625 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Weydert JA, Ball TM, Davis MF. Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson, Arizona 85724-5073, USA. Systematic review of treatments for recurrent abdominal pain. Pediatrics. 2003 Jan;111(1):e1-11. PMID: 12509588 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Mascher H, Kikuta Ch, Schiel H. Labor GmbH, Ferdinand Pichler-Gasse 2, A-2500 Baden bei Wien. Pharmacokinetics of carvone and menthol after administration of peppermint oil and caraway oil containing enteric formulation. Wien Med Wochenschr. 2002;152(15-16):432-6. PMID: 12244893 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Saller R, Iten F, Reichling J. Abteilung Naturheilkunde, Departement Innere Medizin, Universitatsspital Zurich, Schweiz. Dyspeptic pain and phytotherapy--a review of traditional and modern herbal drugs. Forsch Komplementarmed Klass Naturheilkd. 2001 Oct;8(5):263-73. PMID: 11694755 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Madisch A, Heydenreich CJ, Wieland V, Hufnagel R, Hotz J. Celle General Hospital, Gastroenterology Department, Germany. Treatment of functional dyspepsia with a fixed peppermint oil and caraway oil combination preparation as compared to cisapride. A multicenter, reference-controlled double-blind equivalence study. Arzneimittelforschung. 1999 Nov;49(11):925-32. PMID: 10604046 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Freise J, Kohler S. Evangelisches Krankenhaus, Muhlheim/Ruhr, Germany. Peppermint oil-caraway oil fixed combination in non-ulcer dyspepsia--comparison of the effects of enteric preparations. Pharmazie. 1999 Mar;54(3):210-5. PMID: 10192108 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* De la Paz Naranjo J., Corral Salvadó A., Martínez Martín SM. Estévez Carrera MC. Hospital Militar Central Dr. Luis Díaz Soto. Disminución del tránsito intestinal en ratones por tintura al 20 % de Mentha piperita Linn. Rev Cubana Med Milit 2002; 31(4).
En este estudio se utilizó un modelo farmacológico preclínico de tránsito intestinal, con el objetivo de validar el efecto antiespasmódico de la tintura al 20 % de Mentha piperita Linn (toronjil de menta). Se evaluaron y administraron por vía oral dosis de 400, 600 y 800 mg/kg. Un control positivo (atropina 1,5 mg/kg), control negativo (agua destilada) y menstruo hidroalcohólico al 70 % fueron también estimados. Cada grupo se formó con 8 ratones Balb/c machos. Se halló que las 3 dosis evaluadas redujeron de forma significativa y dependiente de la dosis el tránsito intestinal. La dosis media efectiva calculada (DE50 fue de 489,9 mg/kg. El nivel de significación se fijó en una p 0,05.
Estudios sobre su acción carminativa o antiflatulenta:
* Ushid K, Maekawa M, Arakawa T. Laboratory of Animal Science, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Kyoto, Japan. Influence of dietary supplementation of herb extracts on volatile sulfur production in pig large intestine. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2002 Feb;48(1):18-23. PMID: 12026183 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Feng XZ. Effect of peppermint oil hot compresses in preventing abdominal distension in postoperative gynecological patients. Zhonghua Hu Li Za Zhi. 1997 Oct;32(10):577-8. PMID: 9495999 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
Estudios sobre su acción antiespasmódica:
* Hiki N, Kurosaka H, Tatsutomi Y, Shimoyama S, Tsuji E, Kojima J, Shimizu N, Ono H, Hirooka T, Noguchi C, Mafune K, Kaminishi M. Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Japan. Peppermint oil reduces gastric spasm during upper endoscopy: a randomized, double-blind, double-dummy controlled trial. Gastrointest Endosc. 2003 Apr;57(4):475-82. PMID: 12665756 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Asao T, Kuwano H, Ide M, Hirayama I, Nakamura JI, Fujita KI, Horiuti R. Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Gunma University School of Medicine, Showa-machi, Maebashi, Japan. Spasmolytic effect of peppermint oil in barium during double-contrast barium enema compared with Buscopan. Clin Radiol. 2003 Apr;58(4):301-5. PMID: 12662951 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Micklefield G, Jung O, Greving I, May B. Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Bochum, Germany. Effects of intraduodenal application of peppermint oil (WS(R) 1340) and caraway oil (WS(R) 1520) on gastroduodenal motility in healthy volunteers. Phytother Res. 2003 Feb;17(2):135-40. PMID: 12601675 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Goerg KJ, Spilker T. Division of Gastroenterology, Kliniken St. Antonius, Wuppertal, Germany. Effect of peppermint oil and caraway oil on gastrointestinal motility in healthy volunteers: a pharmacodynamic study using simultaneous determination of gastric and gall-bladder emptying and orocaecal transit time. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2003 Feb;17(3):445-51. PMID: 12562459 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Kingham JG. Singleton Hospital, Swansea, UK. Peppermint oil and colon spasm. Lancet. 1995 Oct 14;346(8981):986. PMID: 7475590 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Pimentel M, Bonorris GG, Chow EJ, Lin HC. GI Motility Program, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, CSMC Burns and Allen Research Institute, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90048, U.S.A. Peppermint oil improves the manometric findings in diffuse esophageal spasm. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2001 Jul;33(1):27-31. PMID: 11418786 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Asao T, Mochiki E, Suzuki H, Nakamura J, Hirayama I, Morinaga N, Shoji H, Shitara Y, Kuwano H. Department of Surgery, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan. An easy method for the intraluminal administration of peppermint oil before colonoscopy and its effectiveness in reducing colonic spasm. Gastrointest Endosc. 2001 Feb;53(2):172-7. PMID: 11174287 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Micklefield GH, Greving I, May B. Department of Internal Medicine, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Klinikum, University Hospital Witten/Herdecke, Teaching Hospital of the Heinrich-Heine-University/Dusseldorf, Arrenberger Str. 20, 42117 Wuppertal, Germany. Effects of peppermint oil and caraway oil on gastroduodenal motility. Phytother Res. 2000 Feb;14(1):20-3. PMID: 10641042 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Hawthorn M, Ferrante J, Luchowski E, Rutledge A, Wei XY, Triggle DJ. Department of Biochemical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, State University of New York, Buffalo 14260. The actions of peppermint oil and menthol on calcium channel dependent processes in intestinal, neuronal and cardiac preparations. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 1988 Apr;2(2):101-18. PMID: 2856502 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
Estudios sobre su efecto a nivel del colon irritable:
* Sagduyu K. Peppermint oil for irritable bowel syndrome. Psychosomatics. 2002 Nov-Dec;43(6):508-9. PMID: 12444241 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Gaby AR. Treatment with enteric-coated peppermint oil reduced small-intestinal bacterial overgrowth in a patient with irritable bowel syndrome. Altern Med Rev. 2003 Feb;8(1):3; author reply 4-5. PMID: 12611555 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Kline RM, Kline JJ, Di Palma J, Barbero GJ. University of Missouri-Columbia, Department of Child Health, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Columbia, Missouri, USA. Enteric-coated, pH-dependent peppermint oil capsules for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome in children. J Pediatr. 2001 Jan;138(1):125-8. PMID: 11148527 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Koch TR. Section of Gastroenterology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, USA. Peppermint oil and irritable bowel syndrome. Am J Gastroenterol. 1998 Nov;93(11):2304-5. PMID: 9820429 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Pittler MH, Ernst E. Department of Complementary Medicine, Postgraduate Medical School, University of Exeter, United Kingdom. Peppermint oil for irritable bowel syndrome: a critical review and metaanalysis. Am J Gastroenterol. 1998 Jul;93(7):1131-5. PMID: 9672344 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Liu JH, Chen GH, Yeh HZ, Huang CK, Poon SK. Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan. Enteric-coated peppermint-oil capsules in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome: a prospective, randomized trial. J Gastroenterol. 1997 Dec;32(6):765-8. PMID: 9430014 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Friedman G. Department of Medicine, Mt. Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York. Treatment of the irritable bowel syndrome. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 1991 Jun;20(2):325-33. PMID: 2066156 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
Estudio sobre su efecto sobre las náuseas postoperatorias:
* Tate S. Liverpool (John Moores) University, England. Peppermint oil: a treatment for postoperative nausea. J Adv Nurs. 1997 Sep;26(3):543-9. PMID: 9378876 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
Estudio sobre su efecto analgésico y antiinflamatorio:
* Atta AH, Alkofahi A. Department of Veterinary Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid. Anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of some Jordanian medicinal plant extracts. J Ethnopharmacol. 1998 Mar;60(2):117-24. PMID: 9582001 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Musim MN, Khadzhai IaI, Litvinenko VI, Ammosov AS. Anti-inflammatory activity of a polyphenolic preparation obtained from peppermint. Farm Zh. 1976 Mar-Apr;(2):76-9. PMID: 1269704 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Handa S., Chawla A., Sharma A. Plants with antiinflammatory activity. Fitoterapia 43, 1:3-31, 1992.
Estudios sobre su efecto a nivel del aparato respiratorio:
* Shkurupii VA, Kazarinova NV, Ogirenko AP, Nikonov SD, Tkachev AV, Tkachenko KG. Efficiency of the use of peppermint (Mentha piperita L) essential oil inhalations in the combined multi-drug therapy for pulmonary tuberculosis. Probl Tuberk. 2002;(4):36-9. PMID: 12125251 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Inouye S, Yamaguchi H, Takizawa T. Teikyo University Institute of Medical Mycology, 259 Otsuka, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0395, Japan. Screening of the antibacterial effects of a variety of essential oils on respiratory tract pathogens, using a modified dilution assay method. J Infect Chemother. 2001 Dec;7(4):251-4. PMID: 11810593 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
Estudios sobre su efecto antialérgico en las rinitis alérgicas:
* Inoue T, Sugimoto Y, Masuda H, Kamei C. Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Japan. Antiallergic effect of flavonoid glycosides obtained from Mentha piperita L. Biol Pharm Bull. 2002 Feb;25(2):256-9. PMID: 11853178 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Inoue T, Sugimoto Y, Masuda H, Kamei C. Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Japan. Effects of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) extracts on experimental allergic rhinitis in rats. Biol Pharm Bull. 2001 Jan;24(1):92-5. PMID: 11201253 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Lysenko LV, Syla VI. Antiallergic action of peppermint oil azulene. Farm Zh. 1972 Nov-Dec;27(6):65-8. PMID: 4146388 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
Estudio sobre su acción antineurálgica en uso externo:
* Davies SJ, Harding LM, Baranowski AP. The Pain Management Centre, The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Trust, London, UK. A novel treatment of postherpetic neuralgia using peppermint oil. Clin J Pain. 2002 May-Jun;18(3):200-2. PMID: 12048423 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Gobel H, Fresenius J, Heinze A, Dworschak M, Soyka D. Klinik fur Neurologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universitat, Kiel. Effectiveness of Oleum menthae piperitae and paracetamol in therapy of headache of the tension type. Nervenarzt. 1996 Aug;67(8):672-81. PMID: 8805113 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
Estudios sobre su acción antimicrobiana (Esherichia coli, Shigella sonei, Micrococcus flavus) y antioxidante:
* Mimica-Dukic N, Bozin B, Sokovic M, Mihajlovic B, Matavulj M. University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Department of Chemistry, Novi Sad, FR Yugoslavia. Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of three Mentha species essential oils. Planta Med. 2003 May;69(5):413-9. PMID: 12802721 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Iscan G, Kirimer N, Kurkcuoglu M, Husnu Can Baser K, Demirci F. Medicinal and Aromatic Plant and Drug Research Centre (TBAM), Anadolu University, 26470-Eskisehir, Turkey. Antimicrobial screening of Mentha piperita essential oils. J Agric Food Chem. 2002 Jul 3;50(14):3943-6. PMID: 12083863 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Imai H, Osawa K, Yasuda H, Hamashima H, Arai T, Sasatsu M. Functional Foods Section, Central Laboratory, Lotte Company Ltd, Urawa, Saitama, Japan. Inhibition by the essential oils of peppermint and spearmint of the growth of pathogenic bacteria. Microbios. 2001;106 Suppl 1:31-9. PMID: 11549238 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Tassou CC, Drosinos EH, Nychas GJ. National Agricultural Research Foundation, Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Lycovrysi, Greece. Effects of essential oil from mint (Mentha piperita) on Salmonella enteritidis and Listeria monocytogenes in model food systems at 4 degrees and 10 degrees C. J Appl Bacteriol. 1995 Jun;78(6):593-600. PMID: 7615414 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Dragland S, Senoo H, Wake K, Holte K, Blomhoff R. The Norwegian Crop Research Institute, Apelsvold Research Station Div. Kise, N-2350 Nes, Norway. Several culinary and medicinal herbs are important sources of dietary antioxidants. J Nutr. 2003 May;133(5):1286-90. PMID: 12730411 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* No authors listed. Essential oils of peppermint, orange or lemongrass kill most strains of fungal and bacterial infections. Posit Health News. 1998 Fall;(No 17):26-7. PMID: 11366554 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Shapiro S, Meier A, Guggenheim B. Abteilung fur orale Mikrobiologie und allgemeine Immunologie, Zahnarztliches Institut der Universitat Zurich, Switzerland. The antimicrobial activity of essential oils and essential oil components towards oral bacteria. Oral Microbiol Immunol. 1994 Aug;9(4):202-8. PMID: 7478759 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
Estudios sobre su acción antivírica:
* Schuhmacher A, Reichling J, Schnitzler P. Department of Virology, Hygiene Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. Virucidal effect of peppermint oil on the enveloped viruses herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 in vitro. Phytomedicine. 2003;10(6-7):504-10. PMID: 13678235 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Herrmann EC Jr, Kucera LS. Antiviral substances in plants of the mint family (labiatae). 3. Peppermint (Mentha piperita) and other mint plants. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1967 Mar;124(3):874-8. PMID: 4290278 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
Estudio sobre su acción antifúngica:
* Sarbhoy AK, Varshney JL, Maheshwari ML, Saxena DB. Efficacy of some essential oils and their constituents on few ubiquitous molds. Zentralbl Bakteriol Naturwiss. 1978;133(7-8):723-5. PMID: 749414 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Edris AE, Farrag ES. Flavour and Aroma Chemistry Department, National Research Center, 4-EL Kalifa EL Mansour Street, Safir Square, Heliopolic, 11361 Cairo, Egypt. Antifungal activity of peppermint and sweet basil essential oils and their major aroma constituents on some plant pathogenic fungi from the vapor phase. Nahrung. 2003 Apr;47(2):117-21. PMID: 12744290 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Pattnaik S, Subramanyam VR, Kole C. Regional Medical Research Centre, (Indian Council of Medical Research), Bhubaneswar, India. Antibacterial and antifungal activity of ten essential oils in vitro. Microbios. 1996;86(349):237-46. PMID: 8893526 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
Estudio sobre su efecto protector intestinal después de la radiación:
* Samarth RM, Saini MR, Maharwal J, Dhaka A, Kumar A. Radiation & Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India. Mentha piperita (Linn) leaf extract provides protection against radiation induced alterations in intestinal mucosa of Swiss albino mice. Indian J Exp Biol. 2002 Nov;40(11):1245-9. PMID: 13677626 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
Estudio sobre su efecto sobre las terminaciones nerviosas (frío-calor):
* Jordt SE, McKemy DD, Julius D. Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, 600 16th Street, N272E, San Francisco, CA 94143-2140, USA. Lessons from peppers and peppermint: the molecular logic of thermosensation. Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2003 Aug;13(4):487-92. PMID: 12965298 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
Estudios sobre su efecto de aumentar la capacidad de atención:
* Barker S, Grayhem P, Koon J, Perkins J, Whalen A, Raudenbush B. Wheeling Jesuit University, WV, USA. Improved performance on clerical tasks associated with administration of peppermint odor. Percept Mot Skills. 2003 Dec;97(3 Pt 1):1007-10. PMID: 14738372 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Ilmberger J, Heuberger E, Mahrhofer C, Dessovic H, Kowarik D, Buchbauer G. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat, Marchioninistrasse 15, D-81377 Munich, Germany. The influence of essential oils on human attention. I: alertness. Chem Senses. 2001 Mar;26(3):239-45. PMID: 11287383 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
Estudio sobre su efecto de disminuir la absorción de glucosa a nivel intestinal:
* Beesley A, Hardcastle J, Hardcastle PT, Taylor CJ. Department of Biomedical cience, Sheffield University. Influence of peppermint oil on absorptive and secretory processes in rat small intestine. Gut. 1996 Aug;39(2):214-9. PMID: 8991859 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
Estudio sobre su efecto contra los piojos:
* Veal L. British Embassy, Reykjavik, Iceland. The potential effectiveness of essential oils as a treatment for headlice, Pediculus humanus capitis. Complement Ther Nurs Midwifery. 1996 Aug;2(4):97-101. PMID: 9439284 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
Estudio sobre su acción antihipertensiva:
* Krogh L. The anti-hypertensive action of folia Menthae piperitae. S Afr Med J. 1957 Feb 2;31(5):104-5. PMID: 13409053 [PubMed-OLDMEDLINE for Pre1966].
Estudio sobre la NO nefrotoxicidad de la mentha piperita:
* Akdogan M, Kilinc I, Oncu M, Karaoz E, Delibas N. Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Isparta, Turkey. Investigation of biochemical and histopathological effects of Mentha piperita L. and Mentha spicata L. on kidney tissue in rats. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2003 Apr;22(4):213-9. PMID: 12755472 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
Estudio sobre su acción hepatoprotectora:
* Katikova OIu, Kostin IaV, Tishkin VS. Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and General Chemistry, Ul'yanovsk State University, ul. K. Libknekhta 1, Ul'yanovsk, 432063 Russia. Hepatoprotective effect of plant preparations. Eksp Klin Farmakol. 2002 Jan-Feb;65(1):41-3. PMID: 12025784 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
Estudio sobre su preparación en uso tópico:
* Nair B. Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel, Washington, DC 20036, USA. Final report on the safety assessment of Mentha Piperita (Peppermint) Oil, Mentha Piperita (Peppermint) Leaf Extract, Mentha Piperita (Peppermint) Leaf, and Mentha Piperita (Peppermint) Leaf Water. Int J Toxicol. 2001;20 Suppl 3:61-73. PMID: 11766133 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
Estudio sobre su efecto como repelente de mosquitos:
* Barnard DR. Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology, USDA-ARS, Gainesville, FL 32604, USA. Repellency of essential oils to mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). J Med Entomol. 1999 Sep;36(5):625-9. PMID: 10534958 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
Estudio sobre su acción espermicida:
* Buch JG, Dikshit RK, Mansuri SM. Effect of certain volatile oils on ejaculated human spermatozoa. Indian J Med Res. 1988 Apr;87:361-3. PMID: 3169889 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
Estudios sobre sus efectos secundarios:
* Akdogan M, Ozguner M, Aydin G, Gokalp O. Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey. Investigation of biochemical and histopathological effects of Mentha piperita Labiatae and Mentha spicata Labiatae on liver tissue in rats. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2004 Jan;23(1):21-8. PMID: 15027812 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Wilkinson SM, Beck MH. Skin Hospital, Salford, UK. Allergic contact dermatitis from menthol in peppermint. Contact Dermatitis. 1994 Jan;30(1):42-3. PMID: 8156763 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Gattuso P, Reddy VB, Castelli MJ. Exogenous lipoid pneumonitis due to Vicks Vaporub inhalation diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology. Cytopathology. 1991;2(6):315-6. PMID: 1801953 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Lewis FM, Shah M, Gawkrodger DJ. University Department of Dermatology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK. Contact sensitivity to food additives can cause oral and perioral symptoms. Contact Dermatitis. 1995 Dec;33(6):429-30. PMID: 8706405 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Kanjanapothi D, Smitasiri Y, Panthong A, Taesotikul T, Rattanapanone V. Postcoital antifertility effect of Mentha arvensis. Contraception. 1981 Nov;24(5):559-67. PMID: 7318436 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
En este estudio realizado en animales de laboratoio, se observó que la administración de extracto de Mentha arvensis L. durante el periodo de implantación, produjo un significativo número de interrupciones en el embarazo, sin mostrar una acción estrogénica ni antigonadotrópica. Sin embargo, se observó que aumentaba el efecto estrogénico del estradiol cuando se administraron conjuntamente.
* Foti C, Conserva A, Antelmi A, Lospalluti L, Angelini G. Department of Internal Medicine, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Unit of Dermatology, University of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy. Contact dermatitis from peppermint and menthol in a local action transcutaneous patch. Contact Dermatitis. 2003 Dec;49(6):312-3. PMID: 15025712 [PubMed-in process].
* Vo LT, Chan D, King RG. Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Investigation of the effects of peppermint oil and valerian on rat liver and cultured human liver cells. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2003 Oct;30(10):799-804. PMID: 14516421 [PubMed-in process].
* Schempp CM, Schopf E, Simon JC. Universitatshautklinik, Haupstrasse 7, 79104 Freiburg. Plant-induced toxic and allergic dermatitis (phytodermatitis). Hautarzt. 2002 Feb;53(2):93-7. PMID: 11963200 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Moghadam BK, Gier R, Thurlow T. Department of Diagnostic Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Dentistry, Kansas City 64108, USA. Extensive oral mucosal ulcerations caused by misuse of a commercial mouthwash. Cutis. 1999 Aug;64(2):131-4. PMID: 10467509 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Morton CA, Garioch J, Todd P, Lamey PJ, Forsyth A. Contact Dermatitis Investigation Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, UK. Contact sensitivity to menthol and peppermint in patients with intra-oral symptoms. Contact Dermatitis. 1995 May;32(5):281-4. PMID: 7634781 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Spindler P, Madsen C. Institute of Toxicology, National Food Agency, Soeborg, Denmark. Subchronic toxicity study of peppermint oil in rats. Toxicol Lett. 1992 Sep;62(2-3):215-20. PMID: 1412506 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Weston CF. Anal burning and peppermint oil. Postgrad Med J. 1987 Aug;63(742):717. PMID: 3422882 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
Estudios sobre su composición química:
* Ringer KL, McConkey ME, Davis EM, Rushing GW, Croteau R. Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6340, USA. Monoterpene double-bond reductases of the (-)-menthol biosynthetic pathway: isolation and characterization of cDNAs encoding (-)-isopiperitenone reductase and (+)-pulegone reductase of peppermint. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2003 Oct 1;418(1):80-92. PMID: 13679086 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Fijalek Z, Soltyk K, Lozak A, Kominek A, Ostapczuk P. Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, National Institute of Public Health, Drug Analysis Department, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland. Determination of some micro- and macroelements in preparations made from peppermint and nettle leaves. Pharmazie. 2003 Jul;58(7):480-2. PMID: 12889531 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Kjonaas R, Croteau R. Demonstration that limonene is the first cyclic intermediate in the biosynthesis of oxygenated p-menthane monoterpenes in Mentha piperita and other Mentha species. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1983 Jan;220(1):79-89. PMID: 6830247 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Hefendehl FW, Murray MJ. Monoterpene composition of a chemotype of Mentha piperita having high limonene. Planta Med. 1973 Mar;23(2):101-9. PMID: 4705788 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Rothbacher H, Heltmann H. On the dynamics of the biosynthesis of various terpene contents from the oil of Mentha piperita L. Pharmazie. 1968 Jul;23(7):387-8. PMID: 5700485 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Gella EV, Makarova GV, Borisiuk IuG. Flavonoids of Mentha piperita. Farm Zh. 1967;22(4):80-5. PMID: 5600229 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Gella EV, Borisiuk IuG, Makarova GV. Flavonoids of some varieties of Mentha piperita L. Farm Zh. 1965;20(4):31-3. PMID: 5877453 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
* Duband F, Carnat AP, Carnat A, Petitjean-Freytet C, Clair G, Lamaison JL. Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie et Phytotherapie, Faculte de Pharmacie, Clermont-Ferrand. Aromatic and polyphenolic composition of infused peppermint, Mentha x piperita L. Ann Pharm Fr. 1992;50(3):146-55. PMID: 1290384 [PubMed-indexed for MEDLINE].
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